The border of Heilongjiang Province is 2981 km long, involving 18 towns and encompassing diverse ethnic, historical, and cultural information and landscapes. It possesses abundant natural and human resources, forming a complex system. The research, viewed from a spatial and humanistic perspective and supported by spatiotemporal GIS technology, establishes the Heilongjiang Province border landscape database. This database provides a comprehensive and accurate data foundation and efficient technical support for the cognition and study of the border landscape. First, a classification framework for identifying the Heilongjiang Province border landscape elements is established based on the classification study of landscape features. Second, a specialized database structure and layer hierarchy for border town landscapes are designed to address the diverse characteristics of the landscapes. Third, the analyzing results of the current stage database can be utilized to promote and construct the border landscape protection zoning and tourism systems. Furthermore, by employing a more advanced cloud GIS technology and application, the established database could play a vital role in future border landscape cognition, development, and protection, allowing for multiple usages for various user groups.