Habitat loss and fragmentation are increasingly disrupting natural ecosystems across the world, especially in areas that have experienced extensive recent anthropogenic land use change. Evaluating multi-dispersal scenarios of ecological connectivity networks provides an important means to evaluate how dispersal ability influences the prediction of optimal ecological networks. Few examples exist of the dependence of connectivity networks on the scale of dispersal ability used in the analysis. In this study, we performed supervised classification to map land use types using Landsat 8 imagery, then used Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis and Conefor to identify important core areas for biodiversity, and finally used UNICOR to simulate the resistant kernel and factorial least-cost path connectivity networks. Our main results show: (1) Species with dispersal abilities of ≤ 2 km showed generally low connectivity in most areas, with core areas of high connectivity mainly in Luohe central area, Linying county and Wuyang county, and major corridors were restricted within the Luohe central area, Linying county and Wuyang county. Species with dispersal abilities of 4 km and 8 km showed a network of connectivity with multiple pathways connecting the interior of the study area. Finally, species with dispersal abilities of ≥ 16 km showed high connectivity levels and appeared fairly insensitive to current configurations of human development in the study area. (2) Intensely developed areas may be obstructing species movements into the southeastern and northeastern parts of the region. The green space along roads and rivers may facilitate movement and promote connectivity. In future planning, planners should consider ways to enhance ecological connectivity networks, such as identified in this study, for conserving species with limited dispersal range.