Latin America, a region of recognized natural geographic and cultural diversity, is, par excellence, a territory rich in terms of landscape. This great wealth, combined with the exuberance of its biodiversity, offers vigorous surroundings to its habitants, whose enjoy­ment and stewardship did not require any effort in the past. This is surely one of the reasons why, until recently, interest in the care of landscape has not been taken into consideration in the region. Many experts are concerned about the risks suffered by the vast natural resources of the region: the water, the fertile land, the unparalleled biodiversity, as well as the lovely vil­lages and towns. All of them are under threat by the spread of inefficient land use and deforestation. The progressive, increasing and rapid deterioration urges society to rescue the landscape as a natural and cultural heritage. The Latin American society is fully aware of the need to stimulate regional and local initiatives through a resolution, establishing the landscape as a holistic tool for planning, managing and designing sustainable development, as well as protecting the past but shaping the future and recognizing the vital connections between government, people, culture, heritage, health and economy.